| The baryon cycle in galaxy halos results from a complex interplay between AGN/stellar outflows and inflows from the intergalactic medium. Observational constraints on gas properties are critical for refining cosmological simulations and gaining insights into galaxy feedback mechanisms. Given the multiphase nature of halo gas, a thorough understanding of feedback processes requires studying gas across the hot ionized, warm, and cold neutral phases. Unlike cold and ionized gas, measuring the temperature of the warm neutral phase is challenging. However, this challenge can be overcome by analyzing absorption lines imprinted on quasar spectra. Here, we present measurements of warm neutral gas temperature based on state-of-the-art VLT/UVES observations. Our results show that the warm neutral gas exhibits a wide range of temperatures, with some even exceeding the canonical Galactic value. |
