Una burbuja cósmica gigante
Esta colorida burbuja de gas ionizado (que en esta imagen vemos en azul), con más de 300 000 años luz de extensión, tres veces el diámetro de la Vía Láctea, es la más grande descubierta hasta ahora. Este gas fue ionizado por la intensa radiación electromagnética procedente de estrellas recién nacidas y por las ondas de choque generadas por la actividad galáctica.
La enorme burbuja contiene 10 galaxias individuales y está situada en una región particularmente densa de un grupo de galaxias llamado COSMOS-Gr30, situado a 6.500 millones de años luz de la Tierra. Este grupo, marcado como objetivo por su alta densidad de galaxias, es muy variado: algunas galaxias están formando estrellas de manera activa mientras que otras son pasivas; algunas son brillantes mientras que otras son oscuras; algunas son enormes y otras pequeñas.
Esta burbuja de tamaño récord fue descubierta y estudiada en detalle gracias a la increíble sensibilidad del instrumento MUSE, instalado en el VLT (Very Large Telescope) de ESO. MUSE, que opera en longitudes de onda visibles, combina las capacidades de un dispositivo de captación de imágenes con la capacidad de medición de un espectrógrafo, creando una herramienta única y potente que puede arrojar luz sobre objetos cosmológicos que, de otra manera, permanecerían en la oscuridad.
El potente ojo de MUSE para observar el cielo ha permitido a los astrónomos comprender que esta gran bolsa de gas no es prístina, sino que su contenido pero fue expulsado de galaxias durante interacciones violentas o por supervientos generados por activos agujeros negros y supernovas. También estudiaron cómo esta magnífica burbuja se ionizó. Se cree que el gas de la zona alta fue ionizado por la intensa radiación electromagnética de estrellas recién nacidas y las ondas de choque provenientes de la actividad galáctica. Los astrónomos sospechan que el rojo y violento núcleo galáctico activo hacia la parte inferior izquierda de la imagen podría haber arrancado los electrones de sus átomos.
Enlaces
- Comparación del grupo de galaxias COSMOS-Gr30 visto con el Hubble y con MUSE
- COSMOS-Gr30 visto por el Telescopio Espacial Hubble de NASA/ESA
- Artículo científico
ESO/T. Contini (IRAP, Toulouse), B. Epinat (LAM, Marseille)
Sobre la imagen
Identificador: | potw1746a |
Idioma: | es |
Fecha de publicación: | 13 de Noviembre de 2017 a las 06:00 |
Tamaño: | 1575 x 1575 px |
Sobre el objeto
Nombre: | COSMOS-Gr30 |
Tipo: | Early Universe : Galaxy |
Distancia: | 6 mil millones años luz |
Constellation: | Sextans |
Fondo de pantalla
Coordenadas
Position (RA): | 10 0 35.17 |
Position (Dec): | 2° 3' 50.22" |
Field of view: | 0.79 x 0.79 arcminutes |
Orientación: | El norte está a -0.0° a la izquierda de la vertical |
Colores y filtros
Banda | Longitud de onda | Telescopio |
---|---|---|
Óptico OII | 372 nm | Very Large Telescope MUSE |
Óptico V | 606 nm | Hubble Space Telescope ACS |
Óptico H-beta | 486 nm | Very Large Telescope MUSE |
Óptico I | 814 nm | Hubble Space Telescope ACS |
Óptico OIII | 500 nm | Very Large Telescope MUSE |
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