O instrumento SPHERE obtém imagens do primeiro sistema planetário circumbinário com um disco
Observações obtidas com o instrumento descobridor de planetas do ESO, SPHERE, um sistema de óptica adaptativa de alto contraste instalado no 3º Telescópio Principal do Very Large Telescope do ESO, revelaram um disco de gás e poeira, visto de perfil, em torno do sistema estelar binário HD 106906AB.
A HD 106906AB é uma estrela dupla situada na constelação do Cruzeiro do Sul. Os astrónomos suspeitavam há muito tempo que este duo estelar com 13 milhões de anos de idade se encontrasse rodeado por um disco de restos, devido à juventude do sistema e radiação característica. No entanto, este disco nunca tinha sido observado — até agora! O disco de restos do sistema pode ser visto na parte inferior esquerda desta imagem. O disco rodeia ambas as estrelas, daí o nome de disco circumbinário. As estrelas propriamente ditas encontram-se tapadas por uma máscara, evitando assim que a sua luz extremamente forte cegue o instrumento.
Estas estrelas e o disco estão acompanhadas por um exoplaneta, visível no canto superior direito da imagem, ao qual damos o nome de HD 106906 b, que orbita a estrela binária e o seu disco a uma distância maior do que qualquer outro exoplaneta descoberto até à data — 650 vezes a distância média da Terra ao Sol, ou cerca de 97 mil milhões de quilómetros. O planeta HD 106906 b tem uma massa enorme, 11 vezes a massa de Júpiter, e uma temperatura escaldante à superfície de 1500º Celsius.
Graças ao SPHERE, o HD 106906AB tornou-se o primeiro sistema estelar binário do qual temos imagens tanto do exoplaneta como do disco de restos, dando aos astrónomos a oportunidade única de estudar o complexo processo de formação de planetas circumbinários.
ESO, A. M. Lagrange (Université Grenoble Alpes)
Sobre a imagem
| Id: | potw1543a |
| Língua: | pt |
| Tipo: | Observação |
| Data de divulgação: | 26 de Outubro de 2015 às 10:00 |
| Tamanho: | 1348 x 1182 px |
Sobre o objeto
| Nome: | HD 106906AB, HD 106906 b |
| Tipo: | Local Universe : Star : Grouping : Binary |
| Distância: | 300 anos-luz |
| Constellation: | Crux |
Formatos de imagens
Papéis de parede
Coordenadas
| Position (RA): | 12 17 51.99 |
| Position (Dec): | -55° 58' 23.54" |
| Field of view: | 0.56 x 0.49 arcminutes |
| Orientação: | O norte está a -0.0° à esquerda da vertical |
Cores e filtros
| Banda | Comprimento de onda | Telescópio |
|---|---|---|
| Infravermelho K1K2 | 2.25 μm | Very Large Telescope SPHERE |
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