Astronomical Software on Ubuntu
Many astronomical packages are directly available from the "Debian for Astronomy" project (https://blends.debian.org/astro/tasks/index.de.html, see also Section 10). This document provides information for the installation of most commonly used packages.
1. ESO MIDAS
1.1. Install MIDAS from Ubuntu repositories
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt install -y eso-midas
sudo apt-install -y eso-midas-testdata
1.2 Build MIDAS from sources in Ubuntu 24.04
sudo apt install -y gfortran make libmotif-dev libreadline-dev
tar xvfz 24FEBpl1.0.tar.gz
cd 24FEBpl1.0/install/unix
./autoconfig
2. IRAF
2.1. Install IRAF and PyRAF from AstroConda
2.1.1 General brief instructions
If you are already (or going to be) familiar with Conda, which is an open source package management system, then you may prefer to install IRAF/PyRAF from AstroConda channel. AstroConda provides a simple way to plan and extract packages into your environment. You can refer to the documentation of AstroConda for instructions on how to install Legacy Software Stack with IRAF. In short, the installation can be done with:
conda config --add channels http://ssb.stsci.edu/astroconda
conda create -n iraf27 python=2.7 iraf-all pyraf-all stsci
Note that every time you want to use IRAF/PyRAF (and any other packages in iraf27 environment), you need to activate the env ‘iraf27’ that you have created:
source activate iraf27
### or conda activate iraf27
And to deactivate, run:
source deactivate
### or conda deactivate
See more details on: https://yumingfu.space/tech/iraf-installation/
2.2 Install IRAF Community Distribution
2.2.1 Install binary packages (under Ubuntu 18.04 LTS and later)
For Ubuntu 18.04 LTS and later, IRAF Community Distribution are available via system package manager “APT”. Although there some major differences between the Community Distribution and the conda version.
Try to install those packages with command:
sudo apt install xterm iraf iraf-dev iraf-noao iraf-noao-dev iraf-wcstools iraf-rvsao xgterm
See more details on: https://yumingfu.space/tech/iraf-installation/
2.3 Further information
Other IRAF packages available on Ubuntu: https://blends.debian.org/astro/tasks/iraf
https://iraf-community.github.io/install.html
https://yumingfu.space/tech/iraf-installation/
3. IDL (Exelis IDL on ESO Internal Link)
https://www.eso.org/intra/itservices/standards/self-managed-applications.html
4. ESO dfits and fitsort
# sudo apt-get install qfits-tools
#which dfits
/usr/bin/dfits
#which fitsort
/usr/bin/fitsort
5. ESO Skycat
Follow instructions on:
https://eso.org/sci/observing/phase2/ESO_sw_repos.html
https://eso.org/sci/observing/phase2/SMGuidelines/FIMS/FIMSInstall.FORS.html
6. FITS Viewer (fv) and fitsverify
sudo apt update
sudo apt get-install fitsverify
sudo apt-get install ftools-fv
For fv, beware of conflicts with multiple installations of tcl/tk, for instance if Anaconda is installed. Check executable paths: which tcl, which wish, which fv. If necessary install tk prior to fv (sudo apt install tk).
7. SAO ds9 and other viewers
# sudo apt install saods9
# which ds9
/usr/bin/ds9
Other data viewer tools available on Ubuntu: https://blends.debian.org/astro/tasks/viewers
8. QFits View
QFitsView is available directly from Ubuntu repository:
# sudo apt install qfitsview
# which QFitsView
or from the QFitsView page: https://www.mpe.mpg.de/~ott/QFitsView/
9. Xephem
10. Debian Astronomy Software (~300 packages)
https://blends.debian.org/astro/tasks/index.de.html
https://launchpad.net/~debian-astro-maintainers/+maintained-packages
11. Other Ubuntu Software
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuScience/Astronomy
Official packages
Ubuntu includes many packages useful for astronomy and astrophysics.
Stellarium
Stellarium is a free open source planetarium for your computer. It shows a realistic sky in 3D, just like what you see with the naked eye, binoculars or a telescope. Developed at ESO, and used as a base in VirGO, a VO tool for European astronomers.
Celestia
A real-time visual space simulation
Choose a point within the Local Group of galaxies, and Celestia will show you an approximation of how it would appear to your eyes were you actually there. Orbit a couple kilometers above the surface of a tiny, irregular asteroid, then head off towards Jupiter, watching it grow from a bright point of light into a looming sphere filling your field of vision.
Leave our solar system entirely and observe the sun as it fades from a brilliant disk to a bright star, disappearing almost entirely as you head off toward the Upsilon Andromeda system to orbit around its innermost giant planet.
Celestia is available with a range of front-ends
GCX
Astronomical image processing and photometry
Gcx is an astronomical image processing and data reduction tool, with an easy to use graphical user interface. It provides a complete set of data reduction functions for CCD photometry, with frame WCS fitting, automatic star identification, aperture photometry of target and standard stars, single-frame ensemble photometry solution finding, multi-frame color coefficient fitting, extinction coefficient fitting, and all-sky photometry; as well as general-purpose astronomical image processing functions (bias, dark, flat, frame alignment and stacking); It can function as a FITS viewer.
The program can control CCD cameras and telescopes, and implement automatic observation scripting. Cameras are controlled through a hardware-specific server, to which gcx connects through a TCP socket. It generates FITS files with comprehensive header information.
IFRIT
A powerful tool for visualizing 3-dimensional data sets
IFRIT (the Ionization FRont Interactive Tool) has its origins (and hence name) in a specialized utility designed to visualize ionization fronts in cosmological numerical simulations. IFRIT, however, has outgrown its origins and now can visualize general data sets as well.