Blick in das Herz von Mira A und ihrem Begleiter
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Das Studium roter Riesensterne verrät den Astronomen etwas über die Zukunft der Sonne – und wie vorangegangene Generationen von Sternen die für das Leben notwendigen Elemente über das Universum verteilt haben. Einer der bekanntesten Roten Riesen am Himmel ist Mira A, Teil des Doppelsternsystems Mira, das ungefähr 400 Lichtjahre von der Erde entfernt liegt. In diesem Bild enthüllt ALMA das verborgene Leben von Mira.
Mira A ist ein alter Stern, der bereits begonnen hat die Produkte seiner Lebensarbeit in den Raum zurückzuführen. Mira As Begleitstern mit dem Namen Mira B umkreist ihn etwa in der doppelten Entfernung von der Sonne zu Neptun.
Mira A erzeugt einen schwachen Sternwind, der das umliegende Material behutsam umformt. ALMA hat jetzt bestätigt, dass Miras Begleiter eine völlig andere Art von Stern mit einem völlig anderen Sternwind ist: Mira B ist ein heißer, dichter Weißer Zwerg mit einem heftigen und schnellen Sternwind.
Neue Beobachtungen zeigen, wie die Winde der zwei Sterne einen faszinierenden, wunderschönen und komplexen Nebel ausgebildet haben. Die bemerkenswerte herzförmige Blase in seinem Zentrum wird von Mira Bs energiereichem Wind innerhalb des umgebenden schwachen, abströmenden Materials gebildet. Das Herz, das sich etwa innerhalb der letzten 400 Jahre ausgebildet hat, und das restliche Gas, das das Sternenpaar umgibt, zeigen, dass sie die eigenartige und wunderschöne Umgebung gemeinsam geformt haben.
Mit einem Blick auf Sterne wie Mira A und B hoffen Wissenschaftler anhand der Art und Weise wie sie das von ihnen erzeugte Material an das Ökosystem der Milchstraße zurückgeben herauszufinden, wie sich die Doppelsterne unserer Galaxis von den Einzelsternen unterscheiden. Trotz ihrer Entfernung voneinander beeinflussen sich Mira A und sein Begleiter stark gegenseitig und demonstrieren somit, wie Doppelsterne ihre Umgebungen beeinflussen und Anhaltspunkte für Wissenschaftler zur Entschlüsselung ihrer Geheimnisse hinterlassen.
Auch andere alte und sterbende Sterne haben bizarre Umgebungen, wie Astronomen bei der Nutzung von ALMA und dem Einsatz anderer Teleskope gesehen haben. Allerdings ist nicht immer deutlich, ob es sich um Einzelsterne wie die Sonne oder um Doppelsterne wie Mira handelt. Mira A, ihr mysteriöser Begleiter und die herzförmige Blase sind alle ein Teil dieser Geschichte.
Die neuen Beobachtungen von Mira A und ihrem Partner wurden in diesem Fachartikel veröffentlicht.
Bildnachweis:ESO/S. Ramstedt (Uppsala University, Sweden) & W. Vlemmings (Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden)
Über das Bild
| ID: | potw1447a |
| Sprache: | de-be |
| Typ: | Beobachtung |
| Veröffentlichungsdatum: | 24. November 2014 10:00 |
| Größe: | 2011 x 2128 px |
Über das Objekt
| Name: | Mira |
| Typ: | Milky Way : Star : Evolutionary Stage : Red Giant |
| Constellation: | Cetus |
Bildschirm-Hintergrundbilder
Koordinaten
| Position (RA): | 2 19 20.72 |
| Position (Dec): | -2° 58' 40.79" |
| Field of view: | 0.60 x 0.64 arcminutes |
| Orientierung: | Die Nordrichtung liegt 0.0° links zur Vertikale |
Farben & Filter
| Spektralbereich | Wellenlänge | Teleskop |
|---|---|---|
| Millimeter | 900 μm | Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array |
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