VLT fotografiert erstmalig exotischen Exoplaneten
Astronomen jagen mittels unterschiedlicher Methoden nach Planeten, die andere Sterne umkreisen, den Exoplaneten. Eine erfolgreiche Methode ist die direkte Beobachtung; Diese funktioniert besonders gut für Planeten auf weit entfernten Umlaufbahnen um junge Sterne, da das Licht des Planeten nicht vom Mutterstern überstrahlt wird und daher leichter zu beobachten ist.
Dieses Bild veranschaulicht diese Technik. Es zeigt den T-Tauri-Stern namens CVSO 30, der ungefähr 1200 Lichtjahre von der Erde entfernt in der 25 Orionis Gruppe (etwas nordwestlich des Oriongürtels) steht. Im Jahr 2012 fanden Astronomen heraus, dass CVSO 30 einen Exoplaneten hat (CVSO30b). Dazu nutzten sie die Transitmethode, bei der die Helligkeit messbar schwächer wird, wenn ein Planet vor ihm vorbeizieht. Dieses Sternsystem haben die Astronomen jetzt mittels einiger Teleskope nochmals unter die Lupe genommen. Das Projekt kombiniert Beobachtungen mit dem Very Large Telescope (VLT) der ESO in Chile, dem W. M. Keck Observatorium auf Hawaii und dem Calar Alto-Observatorium in Spanien.
Mit Hilfe dieser Daten konnten die Astronomen ein Objekt nachweisen, das wahrscheinlich ein zweiter Planet ist! Um dieses Bild zu erstellen, verwendete man die Messdaten der Instrumente NACO und SINFONI am VLT.
Der neue Exoplanet, der den Namen CVSO 30c erhielt, ist der kleine Punkt oben links im Bild (der helle Fleck ist der Stern selbst). Während der schon früher entdeckte Planet CVSO 30b, den Stern sehr nahe umkreist, mit einer Umlaufzeit von unter 11 Stunden und einer Entfernung von 0.008 AE, zieht CVSO 30c erheblich weiter außen in einer Entfernung von 660 AE und mit einer gemächlichen Umlaufzeit von 27.000 Jahren seine Bahn. (Zum Vergleich, Merkur umrundet die Sonne in einer mittleren Entfernung von 0.39 AE, während Neptun im Abstand von knapp über 30 AE kreist.)
Falls es sich bestätigt, dass CVSO 30c ein Planet von CVSO 30 ist, so wäre dies das erste Sternsystem, das sowohl einen sehr weit innen befindlichen Exoplaneten aufweist, der mittels Transitmethode gefunden wurde, als auch einen sehr weit außen liegenden Exoplaneten, der mittels direkter Beobachtung entdeckt wurde. Die Astronomen rätseln noch, wie ein solch exotisches System in so kurzer Zeit entstehen konnte, da der Stern erst etwa 2.5 Millionen Jahre alt ist. Es wäre möglich, dass die beiden Planeten sich in der Vergangenheit einmal sehr nahe gekommen sind, wobei der eine herausgeschleudert wurde und so beide Planeten auf ihre derzeitigen extremen Umlaufbahnen gelangten.
Link
Bildnachweis:ESO/Schmidt et al.
Über das Bild
| ID: | potw1624a |
| Sprache: | de-at |
| Typ: | Beobachtung |
| Veröffentlichungsdatum: | 13. Juni 2016 06:00 |
| Größe: | 692 x 706 px |
Über das Objekt
| Name: | CVSO 30c |
| Typ: | Milky Way : Planet |
| Entfernung: | 1200 Lichtjahre |
| Constellation: | Orion |
Bildschirm-Hintergrundbilder
Koordinaten
| Position (RA): | 5 25 7.52 |
| Position (Dec): | 1° 34' 24.66" |
| Field of view: | 0.15 x 0.15 arcminutes |
| Orientierung: | Die Nordrichtung liegt -0.0° links zur Vertikale |
Farben & Filter
| Spektralbereich | Teleskop |
|---|---|
| Infrarot J | Very Large Telescope |
| Infrarot J | Very Large Telescope |
| Infrarot H | Very Large Telescope |
| Infrarot KS | Very Large Telescope |
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