VISTA – Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy

VISTA – Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy – är en del av ESO:s Paranalobservatorium. VISTA observerar infrarött ljus och är världens största kartläggningsteleskop. Med sin stora spegel, enorma synfält och mycket känsliga instrument håller det på att ge oss en helt ny bild av den södra stjärnhimlen.

Teleskopet ligger på bergstoppen intill den som ESO:s Very Large Telescope (VLT) ligger på, och har samma fantastiska observationsförhållanden.

VISTA har en huvudspegel med en diameter på 4,1 meter. Om man använder fotografitermer skulle man kunna se det som en 67-megapixels digitalkamera med en 13 000 mm f/3,25 spegellins.

I teleskopets hjärta finns en enorm 3-tonskamera med 16 moderna infrarödkänsliga detektorer.

Forskning med VISTA

VISTA:s observationstid är helt tillägnad till att systematisk kartlägga himlen. Sex enorma allmänt tillgängliga kartläggningar upptar huvuddelen av teleskoptiden under de första fem åren. Vissa av dem studerar små områden på himlen under lång tid för att detektera extremt ljussvaga objekt, medan andra kommer kartlägger hela södra stjärnhimlen. Observationerna kommer att skapa enorma nya datamängder som kommer att hjälpa forskningen inom många olika forskningsprojekt – allt från studier av små himlakroppar i solsystemet till kosmologiska undersökningar av egenskaper hos mörk materia och mörk energi. I undersökningar av vår egen galax hittar VISTA många nya objekt och testar teorier om den mörka materians egenskaper. Med data från VISTA kommer astronomer att kunna skapa en tredimensionell karta över omkring 5% av det observerbara universum. VISTA är också ett kraftfullt verktyg för forskning om ännu mer avlägsna objekt, till exmpel för att upptäcka avlägsna kvasarer och undersöka galaxers och galaxhopars utveckling. Det hjälper oss med att förstå den mörka energin genom att upptäcka mycket avlägsna galaxhopar.

VISTA tänktes ut och utvecklades av ett konsortium som består av 18 universitet i Storbritannien, under ledning av Queen Mary, University of London, och blev en "in natura"-betalning som en del av Storbritanniens medlemsavtal med ESO. Arbetet med teleskopets formgivning och konstruktion leddes av Science and Technology Facilities Councils UK Astronomy Technology Centre (STFC, UK ATC).

Teleskopet blev preliminärt godkänt av ESO den 10 december 2009 och drivs nu av ESO.

Mer om VISTA

VISTA

Name: Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy
Site: Cerro Paranal
Altitude: 2518 m
Enclosure: Compact optimised cylindrical enclosure
Type: Near-infrared survey telescope
Optical design: Modified Ritchey-Chrétien Reflector with corrector lenses in camera
Diameter. Primary M1: 4.10 m
Material. Primary M1: ZeroDur
Diameter. Secondary M2: 1.24 m
Material. Secondary M2: Astro-Sitall
Mount: Alt-Azimuth fork mount
First Light date: 11 December 2009
Active Optics: Yes
Images taken with VISTA: Link
Images of VISTA: Link
Press Releases with VISTA: Link
Did you know?
Stars form in dense clouds of the interstellar medium, but even in these densest regions the pressure is comparable to the most tenuous vacuum created in a laboratory on Earth. In these clouds, the temperatures are below -200 degrees Celsius.
Did you know?
The skies over the ESO sites in Chile are so dark that on a clear moonless night it is possible to see your shadow cast by the light of the Milky Way alone.
Did you know?
The Paranal observatory site is so remote that everything needed must be brought in specially. The 60 000 litres of water that are used per day are delivered by truck from Antofagasta.
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