A galáxia da roda da carroça vista pelo MUSE
A cerca de 500 milhões de anos-luz de distância na constelação do Escultor encontra-se uma galáxia algo peculiar conhecida por galáxia da roda da carroça. Esta galáxia era uma galáxia normal até ter sofrido uma interação de frente com uma galáxia companheira mais pequena há vários milhões de anos atrás, o que lhe deu esta aparência tão característica da roda de uma carroça. Esta imagem foi obtida em Agosto de 2014 com o instrumento MUSE (Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer) montado no Very Large Telescope (VLT) do ESO. Compare-a com esta imagem, capturada em Dezembro de 2021 com o New Technology Telescope (NTT) do ESO, onde podemos ver uma supernova no canto inferior esquerdo.
Este evento, chamado SN2021afdx, trata-se de uma supernova do tipo II, que ocorre quando uma estrela massiva chega ao final da sua evolução. As supernovas podem fazer com que uma estrela brilhe mais intensamente do que a sua galáxia hospedeira inteira e pode ser vista pelos observadores durante meses, ou até anos — um piscar de olhos à escala temporal astronómica. As supernovas são uma das razões pelas quais os astrónomos dizem que somos todos feitos de poeira de estrelas: este fenómeno liberta para o espaço circundante elementos pesados forjados pela estrela progenitora, que podem mais tarde fazer parte de outras gerações de estrelas, dos planetas que as orbitam e da vida que possa existir nesses planetas.
Para detectar e estudar estes eventos imprevisíveis é necessária colaboração internacional. A SN2021afdx foi observada pela primeira vez em Novembro de 2021 durante o rastreio ATLAS, tendo sido posteriormente seguida pelo ePESSTO+ (Public ESO Spectroscopic Survey for Transient Objects), o rastreio espectroscópico público avançado do ESO para objetos transientes. O ePESSTO+ foi concebido para estudar objetos que apareçam no céu noturno durante muito pouco tempo, tais como esta supernova. Este rastreio faz usa dos instrumentos EFOSC2 e SOFI montados no NTT, no Observatório de La Silla do ESO, no Chile. O EFOSC2 obteve não apenas esta bela imagem, como também espectros que permitiram à equipa PESSTO identificar este evento como uma supernova do tipo II.
Links
- Vídeo de comparação que alterna entre as imagens MUSE e NTT
- Comparação lado a lado
- Imagem individual NTT
ESO/Amram et al.
Sobre a imagem
| Id: | potw2210c |
| Língua: | pt |
| Tipo: | Observação |
| Data de divulgação: | 7 de Março de 2022 às 06:00 |
| Tamanho: | 412 x 441 px |
Sobre o objeto
| Nome: | Cartwheel galaxy |
| Tipo: | Early Universe : Star : Evolutionary Stage : Supernova Early Universe : Galaxy : Type : Spiral |
| Distância: | 500 milhão anos-luz |
| Constellation: | Sculptor |
Formatos de imagens
Papéis de parede
Coordenadas
| Position (RA): | 0 37 40.32 |
| Position (Dec): | -33° 42' 52.99" |
| Field of view: | 1.37 x 1.47 arcminutes |
| Orientação: | O norte está a -0.0° à esquerda da vertical |
Cores e filtros
| Banda | Comprimento de onda | Telescópio |
|---|---|---|
| Óptico B | 435 nm | Very Large Telescope MUSE |
| Óptico V | 550 nm | Very Large Telescope MUSE |
| Óptico R | 625 nm | Very Large Telescope MUSE |
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