Première image d’un trou noir
Le « Event Horizon Telescope » (EHT) – un réseau constitué de huit radiotélescopes répartis sur la surface de la planète créé dans le cadre d’une collaboration internationale – a été conçu pour capturer les images d’un trou noir. Les chercheurs de l’EHT révèlent, à l’occasion de conférences de presse coordonnées autour du globe, qu’ils sont parvenus à obtenir la toute première preuve visuelle d’un trou noir supermassif au centre de Messier 87 et de son ombre.
L'ombre d'un trou noir vue ici est la plus proche possible d'une image du trou noir lui-même, un objet complètement sombre duquel la lumière ne peut s'échapper. La limite du trou noir - l'horizon des événements qui a donné son nom à l'EHT - est environ 2,5 fois plus petite que l'ombre qu'il projette et mesure un peu moins de 40 milliards de km de diamètre. Bien que cela puisse paraître gros, cet anneau ne mesure qu'environ 40 micro-secondes d'arc, ce qui équivaut à mesurer la longueur d'une carte de crédit à la surface de la lune.
Bien que les télescopes qui composent l'EHT ne soient pas physiquement reliés entre eux, ils sont capables de synchroniser leurs données enregistrées grâce à des horloges atomiques - les masers à hydrogène - qui synchronisent précisément leurs observations. Ces observations ont été recueillies à une longueur d'onde de 1,3 mm lors d'une campagne mondiale en 2017. Chaque télescope de l'EHT a produit d'énormes quantités de données - environ 350 téraoctets par jour - qui ont été stockées dans des disques durs haute performance remplis d'hélium. Ces données ont été envoyées à des supercalculateurs hautement spécialisés - appelés corrélateurs - au Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy et au MIT Haystack Observatory pour être combinées. Elles ont ensuite été méticuleusement converties en une image à l'aide de nouveaux outils informatiques mis au point par la collaboration.
Crédit:EHT Collaboration
À propos de l'image
| Identification: | eso1907a |
| Langage: | fr |
| Type: | Observation |
| Date de publication: | 10 avril 2019 15:07 |
| Communiqués de presse en rapport: | eso2105, eso1907 |
| Annonces en rapport: | ann19043 |
| Taille: | 7416 x 4320 px |
À propos de l'objet
| Nom: | M87*, Messier 87 |
| Type: | Local Universe : Galaxy : Component : Central Black Hole |
| Constellation: | Virgo |
Formats des images
Fonds d'écran
Coordinates
| Position (RA): | 12 30 49.42 |
| Position (Dec): | 12° 23' 28.04" |
| Field of view: | 0.00 x 0.00 arcminutes |
| Orientation: | North is 0.0° left of vertical |
Couleurs & filtres
| Domaine | Longueur d'onde | Télescope |
|---|---|---|
| Millimétrique | 1.3 mm | Event Horizon Telescope |
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