Velice hladová planeta
To, co na dnešním Obrázku týdne vypadá jako zčeření vesmíru, je novorozená planeta prožírající si svou cestu skrze své prachové rodiště během svých oběhů okolo své domovské hvězdy. Tento snímek, pořízený pomocí ESO Very Large Telescope (VLT) v Chile, je první jasná detekce mladé planety v disku s vícero prstenci.
Tyto takzvané protoplanetární disky obklopují mladé hvězdy. Vypadají jako diskové struktury plynu a prachu, často jako právě ten na snímku. Jsou rodištěm planet a uvažuje se, že indikují přítomnost (hladových) planet v disku. Na počátku se malé částečky v rotujícím disku začnou shlukovat, postupně s rostoucím vlivem gravitace rostou, kradou více materiálu z původního disku, až se vyvinou v zárodky planet.
Jasná detekce planety WISPIT 2b na obrázku je důležitým krokem k pochopení, jak se planety tvoří. Tato planetka je pětkrát hmotnější než Jupiter a její domovská hvězda je mladší verzí našeho Slunce. Také podporuje myšlenku, že mezery v protoplanetárních discích mohou být vytvořeny nově vzniklými planetami – předpověď byla učiněna pouze teoreticky, nyní však byla ověřena pozorováním.
Týmu výzkumníků se během hledání hvězd s mladými planetami poštěstilo najít planetu tak mladou, že je stále vrytá do jejího rodného disku. Tento objev byl publikován ve článku pod vedením Richelle van Capelleveenem z University of Leiden v Nizozemsku, ve spolupráci s mezinárodním týmem astronomů z University od Galway a the University of Arizona. To vše bylo možné díky přesným pozorováním pomocí profesionálního hledače planet - zařízení SPHERE na VLT. SPHERE blokuje světlo z centrální hvězdy a opravuje vlivy atmosférických turbulencí adaptivní optikou, čímž pořizuje ostré snímky z okolí hvězdy. Systém MagAO-X AO z University of Arizona na 6,5m Magellanově dalekohledu v Chile detekoval vodíkový plyn spadající do planety - bylo potvrzeno, že je jedná o akreční hmotu z jejího okolí. Další pozorování toho sytému možná odhalí nové pohledy na to, jak naše Sluneční soustava mohla vypadat v jejích raných dnech.
Odkazy
- VLT článek od R. F. van Capelleveen et al., schválen k publikaci v Astrophysical Journal Letters.
- Magellanův článek od L. M. Close, schválený k publikaci v Astrophysical Journal Letters.
ESO/R. F. van Capelleveen et al.
O snímku
| Id: | potw2534a |
| Jazyk: | cs |
| Typ: | Pozorování |
| Datum zveřejnění: | 26. srpna 2025 12:00 |
| Velikost: | 2044 x 2040 px |
O objektu
| Jméno: | WISPIT 2b |
| Typ: | Milky Way : Star : Circumstellar Material : Disk : Protoplanetary |
| Constellation: | Aquila |
Souřadnice
| Position (RA): | 19 23 17.03 |
| Position (Dec): | -7° 40' 55.07" |
| Field of view: | 0.11 x 0.11 arcminutes |
| Orientace: | Sever je 0.0° levá od svislé osy |
Barvy & filtry
| Pásmo | Vlnová délka | Dalekohled |
|---|---|---|
H | 1.625 μm | |
H + Ks | 1.9 μm | |
Ks | 2.182 μm |
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