La Silla-observatoriet

ESO:s första observatorium

La Silla-observatoriet ligger i utkanten av Chiles Atacamaöken, 60 mil norr om Santiago de Chile och på en höjd av 2400 meter. Precis som de andra observatorierna i det här området ligger La Silla långt bort från källor till ljusföroreningar. Precis som Paranalobservatoriet, där Very Large Telescope finns, är La Silla en av de platser i världen med mörkast natthimmel. La Silla har varit ett ESO-fäste sedan 1960-talet. Här håller ESO igång två av världens mest produktiva teleskop med spegeldiametrar i 4-metersklassen.

Det 3,58 meter stora New Technology Telescope (NTT, ”ny teknik-teleskopet”) var banbrytande inom teleskopdesign och var det första i världen med en datorstyrd huvudspegel. Denna teknik, så kallad aktiv optik, utvecklades vid ESO och har nu tagits i bruk på de flesta av världens nya stora teleskop.

ESO:s 3,6-metersteleskop huserar nu HARPS (High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher, ”mycket noggrann planetsökare med hjälp av radialhastigheter”), en spektrograf med enastående precision.

La Silla-observatoriet är det första observatoriet i världsklass som har blivit certifierat av Internationella standardiseringsorganisationens (ISO:s) kvalitetsledningssystem 9001. La Sillas infrastruktur används även av många av medlemsländernas för riktade projekt så som det schweiziska 1,2 meter stora Leonhard Euler-teleskopet, Rapid-Eye Mount-teleskopet (REM) och gammablixtjägarteleskopet TAROT, men även andra teleskop som är allmänt tillgängliga såsom 2,2-meters-MPG/ESO-teleskopet och det danska 1,54-metersteleskopet. Många häpnadsväckande bilder av himlakroppar har tagits med 67-megapixelskameran Wide Field Imager på MPG/ESO:s 2,2-metersteleskop och några av dem har nått ikonstatus.

A tour of the La Silla Observatory

Virtual Tour at La Silla Observatory
Click on the image to take a Virtual Tour in and nearby La Silla.


Bara under Chiles nattetid! Under dagen visar webkameran den sista bilden innan soluppgången. De röda bokstäverna indikerar var de olika teleskopen just nu observerar (T—ESO:s 3,6-meterteleskop, N— New Technology Telescope och D—MPG/ESO:s 2,2-meterteleskop). Du kan se mer från La Sillas himmelskamera.

Besök La Silla-observatoriet

Forskning med teleskopen på La Silla

La Silla är ännu aktivt i astronomins framkant, och varje år publiceras cirka 300 refereegranskade artiklar med anknytning till observatoriets arbete. Observatoriet ligger bakom ett enormt antal vetenskapliga upptäckter, däribland flera där La Silla varit först i världen. Spektrografen HARPS är världens oomtvistade ledare när det gäller att hitta exoplaneter med låg massa. Det upptäckte planetsystemet runt Gliese 581, som innehåller det som kan vara den första steniga planeten i en beboelig zon utanför vårt eget solsystem (eso0722). Flera teleskop vid La Silla spelade nyckelroller i att koppla gammablixtarna – de kraftigaste explosioner i universum sedan stora smällen – med tunga stjärnor som exploderar. Sedan 1987 har La Silla-observatoriet spelat en viktig roll i studier av den närmast liggande supernovan i vår tid, SN 1987A.

Mer om forskningen på La Silla

Mer om La Silla-observatoriet

La Silla-trailer

Ladda ner trailern från videoarkivet.

Telescopes currently operated by ESO

New Technology Telescope
ESO 3.6-metre telescope

 

 

 

Did you know?
Stars form in dense clouds of the interstellar medium, but even in these densest regions the pressure is comparable to the most tenuous vacuum created in a laboratory on Earth. In these clouds, the temperatures are below -200 degrees Celsius.
Did you know?
The skies over the ESO sites in Chile are so dark that on a clear moonless night it is possible to see your shadow cast by the light of the Milky Way alone.

 

La Silla på Google Maps


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