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Primera luz de la colaboración para el desarrollo de la tecnología de estrella guía láser
10 de Febrero de 2015
Un equipo de astrónomos e ingenieros de ESO, el Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), el Gran Telescopio CANARIAS (GTC) y el Observatorio Astronómico de Roma, INAF han logrado generar la primera luz y la exitosa puesta en marcha del sistema de Estrella Guía Láser de ESO denominado Wendelstein[1] en el Observatorio del Teide en Tenerife, España.
Tras un acuerdo celebrado en abril de 2014 entre ESO y el IAC, se construyó en el observatorio la infraestructura necesaria para el experimento. El equipo llevó a cabo la instalación y puesta en marcha de la Unidad de Estrella Guía Láser: Wendelstein, el sistema de recepción y el software de observación automatizado.
Estas actividades conjuntas son estudios de investigación y desarrollo que permiten optimizar el brillo de la estrella guía láser que retorna desde las capas superiores de la atmósfera, con especial atención en la influencia del campo geomagnético en el rendimiento.
La configuración experimental usualmente hace uso de la tecnología de láser de fibra desarrollada en ESO, produciendo así un láser con una onda continua de 20 watts que es capaz de cambiar parámetros tales como: la frecuencia, las líneas espectrales, el ancho de la línea, la polarización y la intensidad. La configuración permite que las estrellas guía láser sean adquiridas de manera automática mientras se cambian los parámetros del láser así como el objetivo del mismo. En febrero de 2015 se dará inicio a campañas de observación, las que continuarán con una frecuencia de una semana por trimestre durante un período de 15 meses.
Esta labor es parte de un programa de desarrollo y un estudio más amplio que comprende la tecnología de las estrellas guía láser y la óptica adaptativa, llevados a cabo en ESO en colaboración con los institutos y empresas pertenecientes a los Estados Miembros, en el contexto de actuales y futuros proyectos que abordan grandes telescopios incluyendo el European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT). Estos experimentos son también un paso hacia el desarrollo del sistema de estrella guía láser para el GTC y también podrán incorporarse para mejorar los sistemas existentes en otros telescopios como el Large Binocular Telescope.
Notas
Estos sistemas láser son parte de la tecnología empleada en las técnicas de óptica adaptativa, compensando la turbulencia atmosférica que afecta a las observaciones realizadas desde tierra. Estas estrellas guías artificiales se originan emitiendo un potente rayo láser al cielo (las que actúan como un punto de referencia artificial a partir del cual la luz regresa a la Tierra), permitiendo generar imágenes de objetos astronómicos con la misma nitidez que se obtendría si el telescopio estuviese en el espacio.
Contactos
Domenico Bonaccini Calia
ESO
Garching bei München, Alemania
Tel: +49 89 3200 6567
Correo electrónico: dbonacci@eso.org
Richard Hook
Encargado de Prensa de ESO
Garching bei München, Alemania
Tel: +49 89 3200 6655
Cel: +49 151 1537 3591
Correo electrónico: rhook@eso.org
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