Pressemeddelelse

Trussel mod Verdens mørkeste og reneste nattehimmel fra mega industriprojekt

Lysforurening truer astronomien

10. januar 2025

24. december 2024 offentliggjorde AES Andes, som er en underafdeling af det nordamerikanske energiselskab AES Corporation et projekt for et stort industrikompleks, med henblik på overvejelser om påvirkninger af omgivelserne.
Industriområdet truer den uberørte himmel over ESOs Paranalobservatorium i Chiles Atacamaørken, hvor man finder den mørkeste og reneste nattehimmel for noget astronomiske observatorium i Verden[1].
Storprojektet er planlagt til at skulle opføres blot 5-11 kilometer fra teleskoperne på Paranal, og det vil bevirke uoprettelige skader for de astronomiske observationer, især på grund af den lysforurening, som forårsages igennem hele projektets eksistens. Flytter man projektet til et andet sted, vil det redde en af jordklodens sidste virkeligt mørke nattehimle.

 

Det drejer sig om hele menneskehedens uoprettelige arv

Siden indvielsen i 1999 har Paranalobservatoriet bidraget med væsentlige astronomiske gennembrud, som for eksempel det første billede af en exoplanet, og bekræftelse af, at Universets udvidelse accelererer. Observatoriet drives af European Southern Observatory (ESO - Det europæiske Sydobservatorium), som også Danmark er bidragsyder til. Nobelprisen i fysik for 2020 blev givet til udforskningen af det supertunge sorte hul i centrum af Mælkevejen, og her var resultater indhøstet med instrumenterne på Paranal også afgørende. Observatoriet er en af de vigtigste faciliteter for astronomer over hele Verden, inklusive i Chile, hvor man har set, at astronomisk forskning er vokset væsentligt igennem de seneste årtier. Desuden er der på det nærliggende bjerg Cerro Armazones et nyt teleskop under opførelse. Det er ESOs Extremely Large Telescope (ELT), som bliver Verdens største teleskop af sin slags, og som vil være et revolutionerende instrument, som kommer til dramatisk at forandre vores viden om Universet.

"Den mulige opførelse af AES Andes store industriprojekt tæt ved Paranal truer med at blive kritisk for bevarelsen af den fineste nattehimmel på hele planeten," understreger ESOs generaldirektør Xavier Barcons. "Støv i forbindelse med byggeprocessen, forøget uro i atmosfæren og især lysforurening vil uopretteligt påvirke mulighederne for astronomiske observationer; noget som indtil nu har skaffet investeringer på flere milliarder Euro fra regeringerne i ESOs medlemsstater."

Et megaprojekt med uhørt stor indvirkning

Projektet omfatter et industriområde på mere end 3000 hektar, altså på størrelse med en by eller et byområde som for eksempel Valparaiso i Chile eller Garching ved München i Tyskland. Det omfatter bygningen af en havn og anlæg til produktion af ammoniak og hydrogen, og desuden tusindvis af solcelleanlæg i nærheden af Paranal.

Takket være den rolige luft og mangelen på lysforurening er Atacamaørkenen et enestående sted for den astronomiske forskning. Mulighederne her er afgørende for videnskabelige projekter, som har til formål at studere de helt grundlæggende spørgsmål, som for eksempel Universets oprindelse og udvikling, eftersøgningen efter liv andre steder og om andre planeter er beboelige.

Hjælp os med at beskytte Chiles nattehimmel

“Chile, og særligt Paranal er et helt særligt værdifuldt område for astronomien – den mørke nattehimmel er en naturressource, som rækker ud over landets grænser, og som er til gavn for hele menneskeheden," siger Itziar de Gregorio, som er ESOs repræsentant i Chile. "Det er altafgørende at overveje alternative placeringer for dette store projekt, hvor det ikke kommer til at bringe et af Verdens vigtigste astronomiske skatte i fare."

Flytning af projektet til et andet område er den eneste effektive måde at forhindre uoprettelig skade på Paranals enestående nattehimmel. En flytning vil ikke blot redde astronomiens fremtid, men vil også bevare et af de sidste områder på Jordkloden med en virkeligt uforstyrret nattehimmel.

Noter

 

[1] I en  undersøgelse foretaget af Falchi og medarbejdere, som blev offentliggjort i 2023 i tidsskriftet Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, sammenligner forskerne lysforureningen ved alle 28 større astronomiske observatorier, og Paranal er det mørkeste område af dem alle.

Kontakter

Francisco Rodríguez
ESO Media Relations Officer
Santiago, Chile
Tel: +56 2 2463 3151
E-mail: francisco.rodriguez@eso.org

Bárbara Ferreira
ESO Media Manager
Garching bei München, Germany
Tel: +49 89 3200 6670
E-mail: press@eso.org

Ole J. Knudsen (Pressekontakt Danmark)
ESOs formidlingsnetværk og Aarhus Space Centre, Aarhus Universitet
Aarhus, Danmark
Tel: +45 8715 5597
E-mail: eson-denmark@eso.org

Connect with ESO on social media

Dette er en oversættelse af ESO pressemeddelelse eso2501 lavet af ESON - et netværk af personer i ESOs medlemslande, der er kontaktpunkter for medierne i forbindelse med ESO nyheder, pressemeddelelser mm.

Om pressemeddelelsen

Pressemeddelelse nr.:eso2501da
Navn:Cerro Paranal, European Southern Observatory, Paranal
Type:Unspecified : Technology : Observatory
Facility:Very Large Telescope

Billeder

- At røre Himlens Bue
- At røre Himlens Bue
Lysforureningen ved Verdens største observatorier
Lysforureningen ved Verdens største observatorier

Videoer

Den smukke nattehimmel over Paranal
Den smukke nattehimmel over Paranal

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