Title: Active metabolism in desiccated cells of an Atacama Desert Cyanobacterium Abstract: Most Microbial life either dies or enters into a dormant metabolic state when confronted with desiccation. An exception to this paradigm may be found in the Atacama Desert, the driest an oldest on Earth. In this work we show preliminary evidence of an Atacama cyanobacterium that seems to be metabolically active in the desiccated state.