Tracing the growth of the first black holes Abstract: Massive black holes, weighing millions to billions of solar masses, powered luminous quasars within the first billion years of the Universe. The first massive black holes must therefore have formed around the time the first stars and galaxies formed, at the end of the cosmic Dark Ages. In this talk I will discuss our recent simulations that trace the evolution of massive black holes in the first billion year of the Universe, and review possible strategies for testing our understanding of this early evolution.